Cycling behaviour in 17 countries across 6 continents: levels of cycling, who cycles, for what purpose, and how far? – tandfonline.com

James Woodcock
1. Introduction
There is international academic and policy interest in cycling. Reasons range from spatial and temporal efficiency to health, the local environment, and climate change, compared to other modes. However, cycling levels vary widely. In Western Europe, variation in cycling mode share (e.g. 2% in United Kingdom (UK) vs. 26% in the Netherlands: Buehler & Pucher, 2012b, & John Pucher (Eds.), 2012b. International overview: Cycling trends in Western Europe, North America, and Australia. City Cycling (MIT Press), 9–29. [Google Scholar]) indicates substantial scope for increasing levels of cycling. Such variation also exists within countries; for instance, many cities in the UK have cycle commuting rates of ∼1%, but in Cambridge this figure is 33% (Goodman & Aldred, 2018Goodman, Anna, & Rachel Aldred. 2018.